A Concise Introduction to Logic 14th edition

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• Chapter 1: Basic Concepts
  • 1.1: Arguments, Premises, and Conclusions
  • 1.2: Recognizing Arguments
  • 1.3: Deduction and Induction
  • 1.4: Validity, Truth, Soundness, Strength, and Cogency
  • 1.5: Argument Forms: Proving Invalidity
  • 1.6: Extended Arguments
  • 1: Practice Tests
  
  
• Chapter 2: Language: Meaning and Definition
  • 2.1: Varieties of Meaning
  • 2.2: The Intension and Extension of Terms
  • 2.3: Definitions and Their Purposes
  • 2.4: Definitional Techniques
  • 2.5: Criteria for Lexical Definitions
  • 2: Practice Tests
  
  
• Chapter 3: Informal Fallacies
  • 3.1: Fallacies in General
  • 3.2: Fallacies of Relevance
  • 3.3: Fallacies of Weak Induction
  • 3.4: Fallacies of Presumption, Ambiguity, and Illicit Transference
  • 3.5: Fallacies in Ordinary Language
  • 3: Practice Tests
  
  
• Chapter 4: Categorical Propositions
  • 4.1: The Components of Categorical Propositions
  • 4.2: Quality, Quantity, and Distribution
  • 4.3: Venn Diagrams and the Modern Square of Opposition
  • 4.4: Conversion, Obversion, and Contraposition
  • 4.5: The Traditional Square of Opposition
  • 4.6: Venn Diagrams and the Traditional Standpoint
  • 4.7: Translating Ordinary Language Statements into Categorical Form
  • 4: Practice Tests
  
  
• Chapter 5: Categorical Syllogisms
  • 5.1: Standard Form, Mood, and Figure
  • 5.2: Venn Diagrams
  • 5.3: Rules and Fallacies
  • 5.4: Reducing the Number of Terms
  • 5.5: Ordinary Language Arguments
  • 5.6: Enthymemes
  • 5.7: Sorites
  • 5: Practice Tests
  
  
• Chapter 6: Propositional Logic
  • 6.1: Symbols and Translation
  • 6.2: Truth Functions
  • 6.3: Truth Tables for Propositions
  • 6.4: Truth Tables for Arguments
  • 6.5: Indirect Truth Tables
  • 6.6: Argument Forms and Fallacies
  • 6: Practice Tests
  
  
• Chapter 7: Natural Deduction in Propositional Logic
  • 7.1: Rules of Implication I
  • 7.2: Rules of Implication II
  • 7.3: Rules of Replacement I
  • 7.4: Rules of Replacement II
  • 7.5: Conditional Proof
  • 7.6: Indirect Proof
  • 7.7: Proving Logical Truths
  • 7: Practice Tests
  
  
• Chapter 8: Predicate Logic
  • 8.1: Symbols and Translation
  • 8.2: Using the Rules of Inference
  • 8.3: Quantifier Negation Rule
  • 8.4: Conditional and Indirect Proof
  • 8.5: Proving Invalidity
  • 8.6: Relational Predicates and Overlapping Quantifiers
  • 8.7: Identity
  • 8: Practice Tests
  
  
• Chapter 9: Analogy and Legal and Moral Reasoning
  • 9.1: Analogical Reasoning
  • 9.2: Legal Reasoning
  • 9.3: Moral Reasoning
  • 9: Chapter Exercises
  
  
• Chapter 10: Causality and Mill's Methods
  • 10.1: "Cause" and Necessary and Sufficient Conditions
  • 10.2: Mill's Five Methods
  • 10.3: Mill's Methods and Sciences
  • 10: Chapter Exercises
  
  
• Chapter 11: Probability
  • 11.1: Theories of Probability
  • 11.2: The Probability Calculus
  • 11: Chapter Exercises
  
  
• Chapter 12: Statistical Reasoning
  • 12.1: Evaluating Statistics
  • 12.2: Samples
  • 12.3: The Meaning of "Average"
  • 12.4: Dispersion
  • 12.5: Graphs and Pictograms
  • 12.6: Percentages
  • 12: Chapter Exercises
  
  
• Chapter 13: Hypothetical/Scientific Reasoning
  • 13.1: The Hypothetical Method
  • 13.2: Hypothetical Reasoning: Four Examples from Science
  • 13.3: The Proof of Hypotheses
  • 13.4: The Tentative Acceptance of Hypotheses
  • 13: Chapter Exercises
  
  
• Chapter 14: Science and Superstition
  • 14.1: Distinguishing Between Science and Superstition
  • 14.2: Evidentiary Support
  • 14.3: Objectivity
  • 14.4: Integrity
  • 14.5: Abusing Science
  • 14: Chapter Exercises